[The distribution of adipose tissue and the metabolic profile in hypertensive and normotensive adults]. / Distribución del tejido adiposo y perfil metabólico en adultos hipertensos y normotensos.

BASIS: This study aimed to evaluate the Quetelet Body Mass Index (BMI), and specific anthropometric indexes of the distribution of body fat, with glycemia, insulinemia, uricemia, and the lipid profile in 124 hypertensives and 124 normotensives, selected according to age and sex. METHOD: We preset an observational case and control study, referring to a population attending health care centers. The inclusion criteria for the cases were: to be 25 years or older, having been diagnosed with essential hypertension. Incident and prevalent cases of an evolution of less than 2 years are selected. RESULTS: The hypertensives studied, presented levels which were statistically significant and higher than those seen in the normotensive, of all anthropometric indexes used, in insulinemia, glycemia, uricemia, and in the total cholesterolemia. In the cases, the waist hip ratio (WHR) presents a greater number of correlations with biochemical parameters such as uricemia (r = 0.376, p = 0.00), triglyceridemia (r = 0.252, p = 0.00), and the VLDL-cholesterol fraction (r = 0.263, p = 0.00). On the other hand, the BMI, only correlates, in the cases, with the insulinemia. In turn, insulinemia correlates with the majority of the anthropometric measures, with a similar behavior in cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS: The WHR is presented as a complementary index to the classic BMI in the evaluation of obesity and its metabolic alterations, especially in women, but also, the WHR correlates with an adverse lipid profile in hypertensives.

[The utilization of parenteral nutrition at Hospital de Jerez (Cádiz): a description and comparison with other hospital centers]. / Utilización de la nutrición parenteral en el Hospital de Jerez (Cádiz): descripción y comparación con otros centros hospitalarios.

This retrospective study aims to analyze, and compare with other Spanish hospitals, the use of parenteral nutrition, its characteristics and complications, in a general hospital with 610 beds, during 1992. To conduct this study, we have used clinical histories and follow up sheets made up by the Department of Pharmacy for each patient, as well as the results of the sample processing in the microbiology laboratory. Between 1992 and 1993 we have seen an increase in the use of parenteral nutrition, with the number of bags increasing from 2134 to 2575. The departments which have used parenteral nutrition most, were Surgery (57.3%), and ICU (24.8%), with the mean duration being 10.4 days 8SD = +/- 9.3 days). The most frequently used access route in the hospital was the drum, but there are significant differences between the departments. Gastroenterological pathology was, with 71.4% the most frequent indication for its use, and within this, the neoplasias stand out with 26.3% of the total of parenteral nutrition. The complications which affected most patients are: increases of the liver enzymes, hypokalemias, hyponatremias, and hyperglycemias.